The CyberKnife Robotic Radiosurgery System improves on other radiosurgery techniques

How the CyberKnife System Treats Brain Cancer

The CyberKnife Robotic Radiosurgery System improves on other radiosurgery techniques by eliminating the need for stereotactic frames. As a result, the CyberKnife System enables doctors to achieve a high level of accuracy in a non-invasive manner and allows patients to be treated on an outpatient basis. The CyberKnife System can pinpoint a tumor’s exact location in real time using X-ray images taken during the brain cancer treatment that reference the unique bony structures of a patient’s head.

The CyberKnife System has a strong record of proven clinical effectiveness.  It is used either on a stand–alone basis or in combination with other brain cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy, surgery or whole brain radiation therapy.

CyberKnife brain cancer treatments involve a team approach, in which several specialists participate. The team may include:

1. ·         a radiation oncologist
2. ·         a neurosurgeon
3. ·         a medical physicist
4. ·         a radiation therapist
5. ·         other medical support staff

Once the team is in place, preparations begin for the CyberKnife treatment. Generally there are three steps involved:

1.     Set up and imaging

2.     Treatment planning

3.     CyberKnife treatment

Unlike other radiosurgery systems, the CyberKnife System does not require patients to be fitted with an invasive head frame. In the set-up stage, the radiation therapist will create a soft mesh mask that is custom-fitted to the patient’s face. This comfortable and non-invasive mask helps the patient keep his or her head and neck still during treatment. While wearing the mask, a CT scan will be performed. The CT data then will be used by the USC CyberKnife team to determine the exact size, shape and location of the tumor.

An MRI, PET scan or angiogram also may be necessary to fully visualize the tumor and nearby anatomy. Once the imaging is done, the face mask will be removed and stored until the CyberKnife treatment begins. Then a medical physicist and the patient’s doctor use the data to custom-design the patient’s treatment plan. The patient does not need to be present at this time.

During the CyberKnife treatment planning phase, the CT, MRI and/or PET scan data will be downloaded into the CyberKnife System’s treatment planning software. The medical team will determine the size of the area that must be targeted by radiation and the radiation dose. They also will identify critical structures where radiation should be minimized. Using this information, the CyberKnife System calculates the optimal radiation delivery plan to treat the tumor. The treatment plan will take full advantage of the CyberKnife System’s extreme maneuverability, allowing for a safer and more accurate treatment.

After the brain cancer treatment plan is developed, the patient will return to USC Norris Cancer Hospital for the CyberKnife treatment. The doctors may choose to deliver the treatment in one session, or stage it over several days. Typically, brain cancer treatments are completed within five days. For most patients, the CyberKnife treatment is a completely pain-free experience. Patients dress comfortably in their own clothes and may bring their own music CD's to listen to during the treatment. Patients also may want to bring something to read while they wait, and have a friend or family member with them to provide support before and after treatment.

When it is time for treatment, the patient lies on the table while their custom-fitted face mask is secured into place. The CyberKnife System’s computer-controlled robot will move around the patient’s body to the various locations from which it will deliver radiation to the tumor. Nothing will be required of the patient during the treatment, except to relax and lie as still as possible.

Once the CyberKnife treatment is complete, most patients quickly return to their daily routines with little interruption in their normal activities. If the treatment is being delivered in stages, the patient will need to return for additional treatments over the next several days, as recommended by their doctors. Side effects vary from patient to patient. Generally some patients experience minimal side effects from CyberKnife treatments, and these often go away within a week or two. Prior to treatment, the doctor will discuss with the patient all possible side effects they may experience. The doctor also may prescribe medication designed to control any side effects should they occur.

After completing CyberKnife radiosurgery treatment, it is important that the patient schedule and attend follow-up appointments. They also must keep in mind that their tumor will not suddenly disappear. Response to treatment varies from patient to patient. Clinical experience has shown that most patients respond very well to CyberKnife treatments. As follow-up, doctors will monitor the outcome in the months and years following a patient’s treatment, often using either CT scans and/or PET-CT scans.4

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Most Advanced Robotic Prostate Surgery in India

Robotic Prostate Surgery Service - where a minimally invasive robot assisted radical prostatectomy technique eradicates prostate cancer with minimal post surgery complications

The mission of “Minimally Invasive Robotic Prostate Surgery Program” is to leverage latest technology to and treat prostate disease through small incision and great precision resulting in:

·  Shorter hospital stay, Faster recovery and return to normal activities

· Less pain and scarring , Reduced blood loss and need for blood transfusion

·  Reduction in the use of pain medicines, Decreased postoperative pain

Usually in conventional approach surgeons make decisions using tactile and visual cues to identify a phenomenon, which is actually microscopic which is likely to damage nerves or to leave some cancer behind.  Sometimes it is difficult for surgeons to find a precise plane between the cancer and urinary sphincter or the nerves and err on the side of cancer safety leading to incontinence or Impotence

Highly trained Indian surgeons who have worked for decades at some of the global centres of excellence now use Advanced Robotic technique gives surgeon a sophisticated master slave robot that seamlessly translates the surgeon's movements at the computer console into precise, real-time movements of the surgical instruments inside the patient. This ensures that the Prostate is removed excellent outcomes and minimal chances of cancer left behind after the surgery.

If you're young and in good health, the short-term risks of this surgery are low. The hospital stay is usually 2 to 3 days, with the catheter left in place for 2 to 3 weeks. You're usually able to go back to work in about 1 month. You shouldn't have severe pain with this surgery. Most men regain bladder control a few weeks to several months after the surgery.

The main advantage of surgery is that it offers the most certain treatment. That is, if all of the cancer is removed during surgery, you are probably cured. Also, the surgery provides your doctor with accurate information about how advanced your cancer is, since the nearby lymph nodes are taken out along with the tumor.

 Surgery does have risks. The main risks of radical prostatectomy are incontinence (loss of bladder control) and impotence (loss of the ability to get or keep an erection long enough to have sex). Most bladder and impotence problems improve with time.

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Best Uterine Cancer Hospital in India : Advanced Radiation Cancer Treatment

Endometrial Cancer (Uterine Cancer)

The uterus (womb) is part of the female reproductive system. It is shaped like an upside-down pear and sits inside the pelvis. It is in the uterus that a fertilised egg grows into a baby.

Most of these women are over the age of 50 years. Cancer of the uterus is also known as cancer of the womb, uterine cancer, endometrial cancer and cancer of the lining of the womb.

Causes of uterine cancer

The exact cause of uterine cancer is not known. Some things seem to put women at more risk including:

• endometrial hyperplasia (an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the endometrium)
• menopause, never having children or being infertile
• being overweight
• high blood pressure and diabetes
• a family history of endometrial, breast or bowel cancer
• being on oestrogen hormone therapy without progesterone
• being on tamoxifen or anastrozole for treatment of breast cancer. if you are on either of these medications, you should discuss this risk with your doctor.

Uterine cancer is not caused by sexual activity and cannot be passed on this way. Remember, most women who have known risk factors do not get cancer of the uterus and many women who do get cancer of the uterus have none of these risk factors.

Types of Uterine Cancer :- 

Sarcoma: Sarcoma cancer grows in the supporting tissues of the uterine glands or in the myometrium. This cancer accounts for 2-4% of uterine cancers.

Adenocarcinoma: This cancer is considered as the main type of uterine cancer that grows from the cells in the uterus lining. Endometrial cancer is the other name of this cancer.

The Symptoms of Uterine Cancer include :

• Unusual Vaginal Bleeding or Discharge
• Trouble Urinating
• Pelvic Pain
• Pain during sexual intercourse
• Discomfort or pain in the lower abdomen

Diagnosis of Endometrial Cancer (Uterine Cancer)

A pelvic exam is performed by the doctors checking the vagina, uterus, ovaries, bladder, and rectum for Endometrial Cancer (Uterine Cancer). An instrument called a speculum is used to widen the vagina so the doctor can see the upper portion of the vagina and the cervix.

The Pap Smear test is often performed during a pelvic exam Endometrial Cancer (Uterine Cancer). The doctor uses a wooden scraper (spatula) or small brush to collect a sample of cells from the cervix and upper vagina. The cells are then sent to a medical laboratory to be checked for abnormal changes. Because uterine cancer begins inside the uterus, it may not show up on a Pap test, which examines cells from the cervix.

A biopsy may be needed for a definitive diagnosis where the doctor removes a sample of tissue from the uterine lining. In some cases, a woman may require a dilation and curettage (D&C), which is usually a day care procedure. During a D&C, the opening of the cervix is widened and the doctor scrapes tissue from the lining of the uterus. A pathologist examines the tissue to check for cancer cells, hyperplasia, or other conditions.

Common Endometrial Cancer (Uterine Cancer) Symptoms

•   Abnormal bleeding- heavy bleeding between periods, or heavy bleeding  during irregular periods
•    Pain during intercourse, pelvic pain or pain in the legs or back
•    Difficulty urinating or pain during urination
•    Enlarged uterus , Vaginal discharge and or unexplained weight loss

Surgical Treatment of EndometrialCancer (Uterine Cancer)

Surgery is the best option when Endometrial Cancer (Uterine Cancer) is diagnosed in its very early stages. At this time, the location and the stage of cancer make removal easy. Sometimes patients are treated with a combination of surgery and radiation therapy. Laparoscopy Assisted Vaginal Hysterectomy - involves the minimally invasive or open surgery to remove the uterus. If required teh surgeon may decide to remove both ovaries and the fallopian tubes if there is a risk of Endometrial cancer spread to the ovaries.

In most cases, uterine cancer is an Adenocarcinoma that metastasizes late, usually from the endometrium to the cervix, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and other peritoneal structures. It may spread to distant organs, such as the lungs and the brain, through the blood or the lymphatic system. In such cases advanced tratement post Hystrectomy like Chemotherapy and Radiation are advised

Chemotherapy 

Involves modern cancer drugs that are administered intravenously or orally to kill cancer cells and to reduce the chances of the tumour returning elsewhere in the body.


Radiation therapy 

India's leading Cancer hospitals now have some of the world's moset advanced radiation equipment like Linac, Novelis, Gamma Knife and Cyberknife for treating Colon rectal Cancers. High technology radiation is used to kill cancer cells without affecting the healthy tissues. Radiation may be used to reduce the tumor prior to surgery or to obviate the symptoms of colorectal cancer such as pain, bleeding, or blockage.

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Radiation Oncology that holds great promise in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases, particularly cancer.

PET (Positron Emission Tomography) scan
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a powerful imaging technique in Radiation Oncology that holds great promise in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases, particularly cancer. A non-invasive test, PET scans accurately image the cellular function of the human body. In a single PET scan your physician can examine your entire body. PET scanning provides a more complete picture, making it easier for your doctor to diagnose problems, determine the extent of disease, prescribe treatment, and track progress.

PET (Positron Emission Tomography) and CT (Computed Tomography) scans are advanced imaging techniques that physicians use to locate and pinpoint disease states in the body. A PET scan shows the biological function of the body before anatomical changes take place, while the CT scan provides information about the body’s anatomy such as size, shape and location. By combining these two scanning technologies, a PET/CT scan enables physicians to more accurately diagnose and identify cancer, heart disease and brain disorders. 

A PET scan helps in detecting the abnormalities of those areas of the body where chemical activity is happening. This scan is most effectively used for those people who have brain disorders, cancer or heart disease.

• Brain disorders : The different areas of the brain having majority of activities while performing various tasks can be revealed by a PET scan. Specific brain abnormalities can also be evaluated by this scan that includes:
  • Seizures
  • Memory disorders
  • Tumors
• Cancer : Bright spot of cancer cells can be seen in a PET scan due to their high metabolism rate as compared to normal cells. The scan helps in determining:
  • Whether the cancer has recurred
  • The response of the cancer to the treatment
  • The spread and extent of some cancers
• A proper interpretation of the PET scans is required as some non-cancerous conditions may look like cancer. It is also possible that certain cancer types may also not appear on PET scans. Following are the different cancer types that will appear on PET scans such as:
• Thyroid
• Brain
• Pancreatic
• Lymphoma
• Breast
• Melanoma
• Lung
• Cervical
• Esophageal
• Colon

MedWorld India  offer free, no obligation assistance to international patients to find world Best medical treatment in India. A large number of people from all over the world are now traveling to India for top class medical treatment like Heart Surgery, Cancer Care, Spinal fusion surgery in India, IVF hospital in India , sleeve gastrectomy surgery in India, and other major surgeries. India offers an unmatched cost and quality advantages because it has world Best hospitals

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